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OIL IN NORWAY

By Juan Fernando Perdomo *

Commercials on oil reform-Energy-NOT know about our federal government has referred, among others, Norway, fishermen unpaís became an oil power in the 70's décadade. Many years after the birth of PEMEX.

We like to compare to what we need to convince people follow successful models deque. And if course it's valid to deejemplo Norway, analyzing the culture and quality of life for its people!

Norway, but few know it is a very nationalistic country.
On issues such as oil as its postulates cover definitions:
1 .- The oil belongs to the nation.
2 .- The exploitation of resources should benefit all of society. 3 .- We
involve the whole nation in the making.
4 .- We must manage resources efficiently. 5 .-
priority is to promote and invest in technology.
6 .- Fostering competitiveness through: The education system; FocusN key activities and ongoing training, and encourage losjóvenes.
7. Transforming existing industries: Marine, Mining and Processing
8 .- Having balance between activities of the oil and Nopetrolero. 9 .-
supply industry to develop long-term vision. 10 .-
contractors Select suppliers in a transparent, sindiscriminación, ensuring your investment. 11 .-
and Technical Solutions contracts involving local industry. 12 .-
proactive information policy for local suppliers.
13 .- ZERO environmental damage.
14 .- Spend time with NGOs and fishermen.
15 .- To promote technologies that do not affect productive activities.

The most important company, which is part of the state, is called STATOIL conpresencia in 135 of the 434 municipalities with 44,000 employees and 250,000 deproveedores direct and indirect employees.

STRATEGIES Statoil to develop the domestic industry, are lassiguientes:
a) In advance of announcing the need for goods and services.
b) Involve companies RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT premises.
c) Support local businesses to develop as suppliers.
d) Assistance to local campaigns implementation of quality programs.
e) Agenda for development of local suppliers.
f) foster strategic alliances between suppliers yextranjeros.

In order to transparency and to encourage bids losproveedores establishing a program where he expressed the supplier, "Why did not win the contest?" But only those who want to know porqueperdieron award. There were not compared with others.

Currently, under the advocacy efforts of providers, 68% OF LOSPROVEEDORES ARE NATIONAL PETROLEUM

But look further as the world operating Oil: The Norwegian handefinido a Decalogue, which they call "THE TEN COMMANDMENTS OF OIL"

What?

1. Ensure governance and national ownership of all activity in continental laplataforma (Norway)

2. Exploit the oil deposits so that Norway sudependencia minimize the import of crude oil.
3. Develop new businesses based in the oil sector.
4. The development of oil and gas industry patterns should be considered due to existing economic activities and respect her environment.
5. The venting of gas (gas burning) is not accepted on the continental shelf (except for short periods of test)
6. The oil from the continental shelf should be transported to Norway, unless social impact issues require alternatives.
7. The government should get involved at all appropriate levels paracontribuir the coordination of interests within laindustria Norway Norwegian oil and develop an environment petrolerointegrado, both national interests and international
8. It should establish a state-owned oil company paraasegurar government's economic interests and to have both positive unacooperación domestic and foreign interests.
9. Activity north of 62 degrees must meet the special condicionessociales related to this part of the country.
10. Future oil discoveries Norwegian laPolítica can expose new challenges outside Norway.

a result, clear priorities and having his administration, when unniño born, has a savings on the order of 210.000 crowns.

addition, they open embassies in countries with ocomplementarias activities affinity to their country.

And not only created an oil reform, if your project ENERGY: Statoil opened its first hydrogen refueling station in 2006 paraautos its network of stations whose emissions consist of pure water; Yplanean build the largest wind power broker in the world inthe West Coast.

Do you think that Mexico has the Government, Employers, politicians and citizens quepodamos build a culture similar? Or do you doubt? FDO JUAN PERDOMO




also hope you will be of some interest, the article by Mr. KnochenhauerPAPEL OF PETRÓLEOGuillermo Knochenhauer

Energy reform is necessary, but not for the reasons that the gobiernoy the PAN have said, but to change the role that oil has been inthe national development.

ago 30 years that oil revenues are used to finance nearly 40 percent of government current expenditure, which must be moderated and porotro hand, were financed with revenue verdaderareforma product of Inland Revenue. The oil revenue should not be cause for seguirdifiriendo the settlement of the country's fiscal structure, which is the querecauda lower taxes on business income among OECD members dela.

Energy reform is inseparable from a prosecutor. Losimpuestos have to join with the oil revenue, without which it will replace those, paraasignarlos a coherent destination allowed to leave the lag in development that Mexico is trapped.

Changing the role of oil revenues in national development, esutilizarla to increase the country's wealth, to distribute conequidad, keeping prices stable and to deepen libertadesdemocráticas.

hundred billion dollars annually, which is what will generate Pemexeste 2008, can do much to stop the progressive deficit countries, these four areas: the rate of GDP has been declining for 30 years, ladesigualdad corrupts social cohesion and coexistence, estabilidadmacroeconómica is held in foreign currency flows and lademocracia extraordinary, although it has freedoms which must be preserved, is muylejos to be the system of national life.

The discussion of energy reform has at least two levels: Elde private interests would achieve what they did with Pemex lastelecomunicaciones and banks. The problem is not the capital privadotenga to be rejected for being private, the problem is that you know enMéxico, how to increase profits is to participate in the tráficode influences the state controls, but for the benefit of those conautoridad.

The other plane involved in energy reform in the dilemma of development modelode: convert oil revenues into social welfare, comodice neoliberalism, making the country-its people, its laws and susinstituciones-be able to "attract and retain funds "... and social laderrama expect these benefits.

knochenuauer@prodigy.net.mx